Abstract
An approach engaging Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and remote sensing data was carried out with a view to developing groundwater potential and aquifer vulnerability maps of the study area. One hundred and one (101) depth sounding data were acquired using Schlumberger array, with half maximum current electrode separation (AB/2) of 100 m. The VES were quantitatively interpreted using partial curve matching and computer aided iteration to determine the geoelectrical parameters of each station. The remote sensing data were processed using the application of Geographic Information System-based multi-criteria technique ArcGIS software. Eight (8) parameters namely lineament density, drainage density, slope, transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, coefficient of anisotropy, aquifer thickness and resistivity were used to produce the groundwater potential model while five (5) parameters namely, lineament density, slope, longitudinal conductance, hydraulic conductivity and thickness of layer overlying the delineated aquifer were also used to produce the vulnerability model. The final output of overlay parameters for estimating the groundwater potential gave an index that ranged from 1-5. The zone categorised as low groundwater potential covered about 80% of the area. The majority of the area falls within low (about 80%) vulnerability and low groundwater potential rating while being relatively protected from potential contaminants infiltrating from the surface. The prediction accuracy of the groundwater potential model was established via existing hand-dug well correlation analysis.
Highlights
Water plays a vital role in the socio economic development of any nation
Groundwater is the most feasible alternative as the cost of exploitation via hand-dug well and boreholes is far cheaper when compared to conventional surface water programmes that will require construction of impounding reservoirs, piping network, etc. (Adeyeye et al, 2019)
Knowledge of the subsurface geology and structures are provided by geophysical surveys
Summary
Water plays a vital role in the socio economic development of any nation. This can be attributed basically to its importance in domestic and industrial uses. This relevance makes water a very viable resource and there is a need to explore for it in large quantity. The availability of groundwater depends primarily on the geology. The Basement Complex is a heterogeneous mixture of crystalline rocks, predominantly granite or gneiss. The rocks in their pristine condition are inherently impermeable and contain negligible groundwater. Knowledge of the subsurface geology and structures are provided by geophysical surveys
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