Abstract
With global warming and over-exploitation of water resources due to population explosion and related issues, numerous studies are being carried around the world in an effort to reinstate a state of a balanced life between the existing water resources and their utilization by human beings. Keeping in view, a watershed of 366 sq.km on 1:50,000 scale 65O/1 SOI map surrounding the Meghadrigedda reservoir in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, India has been taken up for the study. The watershed has been delineated into nine sub-watersheds and hydrogeomorphology, drainage, drainage density, slope, NDVI and NDWI of the study area has been carried out using Landsat data 2010 and Sentinel data 2020 in ARCGIS 10.0 environment. All the villages in the catchment greatly depend on groundwater for irrigation, drinking as well as personal utilization. Change detection has been carried on to display the decline in surface water and ground water due to increased concentration of built-up land, siltation of ponds as well as decrease in the number of ponds. The watershed is experiencing large scale anthropogenic activities. The government must curb built-up activities and desilt the ponds to sustain the monsoon water, facilitating more recharge. The results of the study can serve as a basis for planning as well as for the development of a sustainable basin area.
Highlights
Remote sensing technology has opened up avenues in groundwater prospects exploration and management
The watershed has been delineated into nine sub-watersheds and hydrogeomorphology, drainage, drainage density, slope, NDVI and NDWI of the study area has been carried out using Landsat data 2010 and Sentinel data 2020 in ARCGIS 10.0 environment
The hydrogeomorphology, lineament mapping of the watershed along with evaluation of groundwater prospects in the watershed have been attempted by delineating the study area into nine sub-watersheds and hydrogeomorphology, drainage, drainage density, slope, NDVI and NDWI of the study area has been carried out using Landsat data 2010 and Sentinel data 2020 in ARCGIS 10.0 environment
Summary
Remote sensing technology has opened up avenues in groundwater prospects exploration and management. Satellite technology is well established in the field of water resources by eminent authors, studies in Visakhapatnam were carried out for the development and major groundwater resources using multi schematic approach based on remote sensing studies are recommended optimal land utilization and farming techniques in Pendurthi mandal, Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh India, A Geo spatial approach (2020), [3] Usha Chirala and Bhavana Pedada. NDWI and Hydrogeomorphology in attaining optimization of water resources in Pendurthi mandal, Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India using sentinel data-2, (Usha Chirala and Bhavana Pedada, 2020), [4] Mapping of soil erosion zones of Meghadrigedda catchment, Visakhapatnam, India for Conservation-A geospatial approach, Usha Chirala, et al (2015), [5] Identification of soil erosion zones with special reference to silt deposition in Meghadrigedda Reservoir, Visakhapatnam, India, a Geo spatial approach, Ph.D Thesis 2014 [6]. Runoff estimation in an agricultural watershed, Rao, et al, (2010) [8] on groundwater quality of the Meghadrigedda watershed, on Rao and Narendra (2007), [9] Mapping and evaluation of urban sprawling in the Meghadrigedda watershed in Visakhapatnam metropolitan region Nageswara Rao, K. et al, (2006) [10]
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