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Abstract
The surface water quality was investigated in the Córrego Sujo watershed, located in the municipality of Teresópolis, a mountainous region in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The emphasis focused on inorganic parameters of water, since there are applications of pesticides in agricultural cultivations. The natural and anthropogenic contributions of the study area were monitored monthly in eight sites in the river channels of the drainage basin. The results were analyzed using an ICP-OES spectrophotometer and subsequently compared to Conama Resolution 357/05. In order to support the interpretation of the results of water quality, flow and precipitation data were measured in the watershed, along with the land use and vegetation cover map produced from a GeoEye satellite image. The study revealed that the surface waters were in high concentrations and above those recommended by Conama Resolution. It was noted also that the lithological and pedological variables influenced the results of water quality. Regarding seasonality, it has not been possible to establish a common standard to all elements in the rainy season or dry season, however, in the analysis of each parameter separately, there was evidence of a concentration distribution in temporal variation. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that it is also necessary to highlight these issues in the territorial planning of the municipality and in the management of the Committee of Rio Piabanha watershed, to avoid the increasing of uncontrolled expansion of irrigated crops and intensive use of agrochemical inputs.
Highlights
In order to support the interpretation of the results of water quality, flow and precipitation data were measured in the watershed, along with the land use and vegetation cover map produced from a GeoEye satellite image
Parameters considered are the influence of land use in the watershed and physical arrangements that influence the degradation of water channels
Regarding seasonality, a common pattern was not found between all the elements, in the review of each parameter in isolation, a distribution of concentration on the temporal variation was evident
Summary
The environmental issue is taking a new direction, due to the impacts that exist. Araujo et al 436 on a planetary level, this issue being progressively highlighted in socioeconomic discussions. In turn, being am important substantial natural resource is increasingly incorporated in these discussions, making it a focus for new environmental movements and international environmental policies. As a result of water quality changes and its scarcity, the degradation of this resource has a significant impact and already is preventing the development of some regions and productive activities. It is fundamental that periodic investigations of water are established. An effective program of monitoring would assess water quality and analyse the actual status of water bodies [1]
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