Abstract
The main target of this research is to investigate the hydrogeochemical characteristics of surface and groundwater resources in Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt. A combination of major and heavy metals has been used to characterize surface and groundwater in Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt. Twenty water samples were collected from the water resources: River Nile, El-Ibrahimia canal, Bahr Youssef, irrigation and drainage channels and Quaternary aquifer. The collected water samples were analyzed for major and heavy metals. Surface and groundwater in the study area are considered potable for drink and irrigation based on the TDS and major ions concentrations. Regarding the MPL quoted by the WHO [1] and FAO [2], water resources in the study area are polluted by Al, Cd, Fe, Mn, Co and Cu. The highest concentrations of Al, Cd, Fe, Mn, Co and Cu recorded in the study area were 2545, 400, 1415, 2158, 239 and 1080 μg/l, respectively. Both surface and groundwater in Beni Suef suffer from pollution due to the impact of unsupervised anthropogenic activities including: fertilizers and pesticide, waste disposal and industrial waste, seepage from septic tanks, construction of water pipes, wastewater from El-Moheet drainage and evaporation processes during flood irrigation.
Highlights
Pollution of the environment is one of the major concerns throughout the universe, which could originate by several ways such as continuous discharging of the large variety of toxic inorganic and organic chemicals into the environment
The surface water in the study area is generally alkaline with pH ranging between 7 and 7.9 (Table 2)
In irrigation canals in the west is attributed to the effect of irrigation effluent, fertilizers and pesticide and sewage water that used in irrigation
Summary
Pollution of the environment is one of the major concerns throughout the universe, which could originate by several ways such as continuous discharging of the large variety of toxic inorganic and organic chemicals into the environment. This causes severe water, air and soil pollutions [3]. Contamination of water supplies by heavy metals has steadily been increased over the last decades, as a result of over population and expansion of industrial activities [4,5]. If the levels of these metals are elevated to higher than the normal ranges, they can cause malfunction and toxicity to human body [6]
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