Abstract
The catalytic activities of transition-metal catalysts in methane formation from carbons were investigated at temperatures up to 1050 °C under atmospheric pressure of hydrogen. The studies in a thermobalance revealed that methane was produced in several stages and the temperature of maximal rate varied from one metal catalyst to another. When the most active metal was used, the methane formation from an active carbon occurred below 200 °C and the carbon was completely gasified upon heating up to 1050 °C at the rate of 100 °C/hr. Without catalyst, carbons of only 10% were gasified under the same condition. The order of activity at the lower temperature region was Rh ≳ Ru ≳ Ir > Pt > Ni ⪢ Pd ≳ Co ≳ Fe. The reactivity depended not only on the kind of catalyst, but on the kind of carbon and the preparative method of metal-carbon mixtures. The role of metal catalysis was discussed in connection with the spill-over phenomenon.
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