Abstract
AbstractA blended fuel strategy using mixtures of renewable and petroleum‐based fuels can play an important role in reducing our dependence on fossil fuels along with a measurable reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and local pollutants, and achieving the goal of a sustainable energy future. This chapter focuses on the fundamental and practical aspects of using hydrogen–hydrocarbon fuel blends. Flame studies dealing with the effects of hydrogen addition on the combustion and emission characteristics of hydrocarbon fuels are reviewed. The combustion characteristics include ignition, extinction, flammability limits, laminar burning velocity, flame structure, and dynamics including flame–stretch interactions and cellular instabilities. The use of hydrogen for enhancing the performance and emissions of petroleum‐based internal combustion engines is considered. The effects of hydrogen addition on the emissions of GHGs (CO2, CO, and unburned hydrocarbons), NOx, and particulate matter from flames in both laboratory‐scale and practical combustors are discussed. Future research needs pertaining to the combustion and emission characteristics of such blends are identified.
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