Abstract
Coming from natural and anthropogenic sources, hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) is a smelly hazardous substance at sub-ppm level, which can lead to poisoning deaths at higher concentration. Researchers have been working for decades to design sensors with sufficient/good/robust metrological properties and good stability in order to monitor and control in real-time the risk associated to this gas. Among the devices proposed, chemiresistive sensors based on conductive polymer appear as a good alternative to the most common solutions such as electrochemical and optical sensors. They present various advantages in term of design (easy fabrication, easy tuning of physical and chemical properties, low cost, etc.) and performances (good sensitivity, good reproducibility, room temperature operation, short response time, etc.). In this review, we summarize the progresses made on conductive polymers sensors dedicated to H2S detection, including the performance of the different materials and sensing mechanisms. Finally, we identify the limitations of these sensors and highlight the most promising approaches to enable the use of these technologies in real-world applications.
Highlights
Corrosive, colorless, water-soluble, and flammable in ambient conditions, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a smelly hazardous substance at the sub-ppm level, which can lead to poisoning deaths at higher concentrations (Malone Rubright et al, 2017)
The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the roles played by conductive polymer (CP) in chemiresistive sensors dedicated to H2S
Working at room temperature, tuned by changing monomers or dopants, processed, and integrated into lowcost and miniaturized devices, CPs present a large potential in H2S sensing applications
Summary
Colorless, water-soluble, and flammable in ambient conditions, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a smelly hazardous substance at the sub-ppm level, which can lead to poisoning deaths at higher concentrations (Malone Rubright et al, 2017). The exposure toward this gas is mainly linked to geothermal activity (e.g., crude petroleum, natural gas, hot spring) and organic decomposition from sewers, wastewater treatment plants, landfills, Sargasse seaweeds, etc.
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