Abstract
It is shown that hydrogen storage materials nanostructured by Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) retaining the bulk shape are capable to meet or even exceed the adsorption/desorption kinetics of their ball milled counterpart. The grain size of commercial magnesium alloy ZK60 was decreased by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) down to 250 nm – the smallest value ever achieved by this technique. The material exhibits high gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity of 6.6 wt.% and rapid hydrogen desorption kinetics of less than 5 min at 350 °C. Furthermore, the influence of grain size, surface oxidation and of the addition of metallic chromium as catalyst on the storage capacity and kinetics was investigated. A new method for rapid activation in only one charging/discharging process was successfully tested. The long-term durability of the material was proven in a cyclic sorption/desorption test up to 1000 cycles; no deterioration in storage capacity or in kinetics was observed which is exceptional for nanomaterials for hydrogen storage. Finally, the pressure–composition isotherms of ZK60 were extended by new plateaus at low temperatures (200–260 °C).
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