Abstract
The thermodynamics of several approaches to generating and separating hydrogen by direct thermal splitting of water is examined, and the major energy consuming step for each is evaluated. In all, 11 cases are studied, including gas quenching, injection quenching, high-temperature separation and catalytic reaction. It is shown that some of these processes will not break even with respect to energy consumption. The most effective separation strategies have overall process efficiencies in the range 0.1–6%.
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