Hydrogen production via the direct cracking of methane over Ni/SiO 2: catalyst deactivation and regeneration

Abstract

The catalytic cracking of methane over supported nickel catalysts is a potential route to the production of CO-free hydrogen and filamentous carbon. Eventually, however, the catalyst deactivates due to the spatial limitations imposed on the filamentous carbon growth by the reactor. In this study we show that a 15 wt.% Ni/SiO 2 catalyst can be fully regenerated at 923 K with steam for up to 10 successive cracking/regeneration cycles without any significant loss of catalytic activity. XRD analyses indicate no increase in the amount of carbon remaining on the catalyst after successive regenerations and no structural changes in the nickel particles as the catalyst is cycled between cracking and steam regeneration. SEM micrographs are in agreement with the XRD results and show that most of the filamentous carbon is removed during steam regeneration, leaving only small pockets of this material which resist this treatment.