Hydrogen Production from Biomass-Derived Syngas Using a Membrane Reactor Based Process

Abstract

Integrated gas combined (power generation) cycle (IGCC) power plants show promise for environmentally benign power generation. In these plants coal and/or biomass are first gasified into syngas, which is then processed in a water gas shift (WGS) reactor to further enhance its hydrogen content for power generation. However, impurities in the syngas, primarily H2S, NH3, various organic vapors, and tar-like species, are detrimental to catalyst life and must be removed before the gas enters the WGS reactor. This, then, means cooling the syngas for cleanup and then reheating it to the WGS reaction temperature. For use in various industrial applications, and potentially for CO2 capture/sequestration, hydrogen purification is required. This, today, is accomplished by conventional absorption/adsorption processes, which results in significant process complexity and energy penalty for the overall plant. Ideally, one would like to establish a “one-box” process in which the syngas is fed directly into the WGS reactor, which then effectively converts the CO into hydrogen in the presence of all of the aforementioned impurities and delivers a contaminant-free hydrogen product. In this study, the development of such a process is described. It includes a catalytic membrane reactor (MR) making use of a hydrogen-selective, carbon molecular sieve membrane, and a sulfur-tolerant Co/Mo/Al2O3 catalyst. In this work, the membrane reactor’s behavior has been investigated for different experimental conditions and compared with the modeling results.