Hydrogen in Africa: Navigating the Continent’s Unique Energy Transition Landscape and Unsustainable Energy Supply Backbone

Abstract

Africa's energy dynamics are marked by a blend of rapid urbanization, burgeoning populations, and growing industrialization, all against the backdrop of limited and often unreliable conventional energy infrastructure. This complex scenario prompts an exploration of the viability of hydrogen as a transformative energy solution. The continent's diverse renewable resources, from abundant solar and wind potential to hydropower capabilities, provide fertile ground for hydrogen production. However, Africa's energy transition journey is further complicated by the challenge of retrofitting or establishing sustainable energy systems in regions heavily reliant on fossil fuels. The tension between these established energy supply backbones and the imperatives of reducing carbon emissions necessitates innovative solutions. Hydrogen, with its potential for clean energy storage, emissions-free power generation, and industrial applications, offers a promising bridge between the need for modern energy access and environmental stewardship Drawing from case studies, the study delves the technological feasibility of harnessing hydrogen, considering existing energy infrastructure and emerging renewable technologies, the infrastructural challenges and opportunities presented by establishing hydrogen supply chains across diverse African regions. In conclusion, this paper underscores the significance of hydrogen as a pivotal pillar of Africa's sustainable energy future. This study aims to support policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders in navigating the path towards a hydrogen-powered Africa.