Abstract
In this paper, a finite element (FE) model is developed to investigate lattice hydrogen diffusion in a solid metal under the influence of stress and temperature gradients. This model is applied to a plate with a circular hole which is subjected to temperature and hydrogen concentration gradients. It is demonstrated that temperature gradients significantly influence hydrogen diffusion and hence susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement when utilizing hydrogen for gas turbines.
Highlights
Hydrogen can be used to store renewable energy, and converted back to electricity using gas turbines [1, 2, 3]
An finite element (FE) model is developed using Abaqus 6.14 in order to solve the transport equations for hydrogen and heat, which is subsequently validated by literature data [7]
Since the FE model developed can accurately predict stress mediated hydrogen diffusion, it is employed to investigate the combined influence of temperature and stress gradients on hydrogen concentration at steady state
Summary
Hydrogen can be used to store renewable energy, and converted back to electricity using gas turbines [1, 2, 3]. Hydrogen embrittlement, a commonly observed adverse effect on metals and alloys, has rarely been studied in relation to gas turbines. Hydrogen transport in the material takes place via either lattice diffusion or dislocation movement [6]. Some hydrogen atoms move to normal interstitial lattice sites which are the majority, whilst the others stay in defect-traps which are the minor fraction of sites [7]. Most studies on hydrogen embrittlement have not considered high temperature conditions, especially where a temperature gradient exists, which is the typical working environment for major metallic components in gas turbines and fuel cells
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