Hydrogen Cyanamide-induced Budbreak and Phytotoxicity in `Redhaven' Peach Buds

Abstract

The effects of hydrogen cyanamide (H2CN2) on budbreak and phytotoxicity of l-year-old potted peach trees [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. cv. Redhaven] over a wide range of concentrations at several stages of dormancy were studied. Endodormancy (180° GS; degree growth stage) began on 1 Oct. Maximum intensity of endodormancy (270° GS) was reached after the plants were exposed to 320 chill units on 1 Nov., and 50% of the buds were broken at 860 chill units on 1 Dec. Five concentrations of H2C N2 (0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 m) were applied on 1 and 15 Oct., 1 and 15 Nov., and 1 and 15 Dec. 1990. All concentrations promoted budbreak; however, percent budbreak and phytotoxicity depended on concentration and timing of application. The most effective concentration (greatest budbreak and lowest phytotoxicity) was 0.125 m H2CN2 on all treatment dates. Phytotoxicity was evident at all application dates but was greatest at the highest concentrations. Plants were most resistant to H2CN2 at maximum intensity of endodormancy. Hydrogen cyanamide-induced budbreak was highest during the later stages of endodormancy (295 to 315° GS). Treatments applied during the ecodormancy stage (340° GS) inhibited and delayed budbreak and damaged buds and stems. Chemical name used: hydrogen cyanamide (H2CN2, Dormex).