Abstract
The maritime transportation sector is one of the main contributors to global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted a strategy to reduce these emissions from international shipping >50% by 2050, compared to 2008’s emissions. Therefore, ship owners need to adopt solutions to bring emissions within these and other future limits by means of environmentally friendly fuels (hydrogen or hydrogen carriers) and high efficiency propulsion technologies (fuel cells). This paper focuses on the replacement of the conventional Diesel genset installed on a hybrid small-size ferry, with an innovative system based on PEMFC technology. A real case scenario is investigated: the total energy/power demand of the vessel is determined basing on a typical operational profile. Then, a preliminary redesign of its powertrain configuration is proposed along with an energy management strategy. The analysis has allowed to define the hydrogen consumption for a daily operation. Finally, different storage technologies involving both compressed and liquefied hydrogen have been considered and compared, in order to identify ship’s weight and space requirements.
Highlights
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted mandatory measures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the maritime sector
The study was based on the development of multi-objective optimization method that allowed to define the best operating conditions of the hybrid system components according to the performance degradation of both fuel cells and batteries
The results show that the Charge Sustaining (CS) of the battery is well developed during the powertrain operation, with a Depth of Discharge (DoD) roughly equal to 0.3
Summary
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted mandatory measures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the maritime sector. Pivetta et al [1], analyzed the optimal design and operation of Ro-Pax ferry on which a hybrid PEMFC/Liion Battery powertrain, fueled by liquid hydrogen, was installed. The study was based on the development of multi-objective optimization method that allowed to define the best operating conditions of the hybrid system components according to the performance degradation of both fuel cells and batteries. A technoeconomic feasibility study on the replacing of the conventional diesel engine powertrain of a Ro-Pax ferry with a hydrogen-based system has been presented by Di Micco et al [4]. A preliminary technical assessment of the actual feasibility of replacing the conventional Diesel genset of a small-size ferry with a fuel cell-based system is carried out. Energy capacity Max continuous C-rate Energy density Mean charging/discharging efficiency 2 x Electric motors Max power Fuel tank capacity Volume Weight (fuel and tank)
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