Abstract
Diabetes, a common epidemic disease, is increasingly hazardous to human health. Monitoring body glucose concentrations for the prevention and therapy of diabetes has become very important. Hydrogel-based responsive photonic crystal (PC) materials are noninvasive options for glucose detection. This article reviews glucose-sensing materials/devices composed of hydrogels and colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs), including the construction of 2D/3D CPCs and 2D/3D hydrogel-based CPCs (HCPCs). The development and mechanisms of glucose-responsive hydrogels and the achieved technologies of HCPC glucose sensors were also concluded. This review concludes by showing a perspective for the future design of CPC glucose biosensors with functional hydrogels.
Highlights
In 1987, Yablonovitch and John proposed the concept of photonic crystals (PCs) based on the properties of semiconductor crystals and electron band gaps [1,2]
For the glucose-sensing purpose, glucose-sensitive hydrogels are used as the matrices of hydrogel-based colloidal photonic crystal (CPC) (HCPCs)
The initially reported HCPC contact lens was physically cross-linked by the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) system covered on a rigid poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer contact lens
Summary
In 1987, Yablonovitch and John proposed the concept of photonic crystals (PCs) based on the properties of semiconductor crystals and electron band gaps [1,2]. PCs. To achieve this, stimuli-responsive hydrogels are used as substrates that are coupled with the PC structure according to specific needs. Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by glucose, protein, fat, and other metabolic disorders that occur due to hypofunction of islets of Langerhans and insufficient insulin secretion [6]. It causes serious complications, such as heart disease, renal failure, cerebrovascular disease, blindness, and so on, which greatly endanger people0 s health.
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