Hydroformylation of olefins catalysed by supported Ru 3(CO) 12 with 2,2′-bipyridine or with other heterocyclic nitrogen base

Abstract

Ru 3(CO) 12 and various nitrogen-containing heterocyclic bases were supported on glass, inorganic carriers or organic resin to study in the hydroformylation of olefins. Silica, magnesium silicate and Dowex resin were the carriers of Ru 3(CO) 12 with 2,2′-bipyridine. The catalysts with silica supports were chemospecific in C 7 alcohol production. The effects of impregnation, activation and reaction conditions were studied, and various olefins were used as hydroformylation substrates. Ru 3(CO) 12/2,2′-bipyridine on silica was the most active hydroformylation catalyst and also an olefin isomerization catalyst. A few other nitrogen bases with Ru 3(CO) 12 on silica were also active in 1-hexene hydroformylation. 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine, 2,2′-bipyrimidine and 1,10′-phenanthroline formed with Ru 3(CO) 12 the same kind of compounds as 2,2′-bipyridine, and they were chemospecific in alcohol formation. Ru 3(CO) 12/2,2′-bipyridine/silica catalyst was also prepared in 2,2′-bipyridine melt, but the result was a less active catalyst. Also, Ru 3(CO) 12 and 2,2′-bipyridine were allowed to react in CH 2Cl 2 and after that supported on silica for use as hydroformylation catalysts.