Abstract

The article considers the problems of irrigation water quality in Central Asia through hydroecological monitoring. Practical and scientific recommendations for solving these problems are offered. There are noted the necessity of development of scientific base of researches on all aspects of water quality and protection of water resources; adoption of laws and administrative documents on protection of waters and improvement of their quality; performance of various engineering, technological actions. The hydroecological state of surface waters of large irrigated areas of the Amudarya river basin was studied for regieon: Surkhandarya, Kashkadarya, Khorezm and irrigated zones of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. It is noted that the process of salinization of irrigated lands is dangerous for the region. According to the calculations 50...55 million tons of various salts are came to irrigated annually fields. This is the reason for the deterioration of the hydrological state of irrigated agriculture in the region.

Highlights

  • The article considers the problems of irrigation water quality in Central Asia

  • There are noted the necessity of development of scientific base

  • The hydroecological state of surface waters of large irrigated areas of the Amudarya river basin was studied for regieon

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Summary

Introduction

Целью данных исследований являлось проведение гидроэкологического мониторинга оросительных вод для формирования научно-обоснованных практических предложений по их использованию. В соответствии с поставленной целью в работе рассмотрены следующие задачи: а) изучение гидрохимического режима поверхностных вод бассейна Аральского моря и современного состояния их качества; б) гидрохимические проблемы, которые необходимо решить; в) способы решения этих проблем. Опытным оценкам, ежегодный объем водных ресурсов бассейна Аральского моря составляет приблизительно 120 км3 (при минерализация воды от 9...10 г/л до 115...120 г/л за 1960–2017 гг.). В работе была использованы база данных Научно-исследовательского института ирригации и водных проблем (Республика Узбекистан) по исследованиям изменения водного и гидрохимического режима речных и коллекторнодренажных вод бассейна Аральского моря [1–4].

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