Hydrodynamic processes in designing diamond drilling tools

Abstract

Relevance. The rational choice of drilling tools is one of the components of a positive result of exploration, mining, drilling operations. The function of a complex solution of problems arising when drilling wells is assigned to a modern drilling tool. Today there is a great variety of designs of rock cutting drilling tools. However, scientific achievements in improving the material and technical production base contribute to the development of drilling technology and creation of new, more efficient tool designs. The most promising and effective in various mining conditions is a diamond drilling tool. During the operation of such a tool, flushing fluid circulation is of great importance, especially in the bottomhole zone of the well being constructed. When designing the structures of a diamond rock cutting tool, it is necessary to take into account not only the strength, cutting, and stabilizing properties, but also the possibility of an effective fluid flow in its circulation system, i.e. without flow energy consumption to overcome resistance, with sufficient capacity for cuttings removal and the necessary level of cooling, lubrication and implementation of other functions of the flushing fluid, which contribute to improving drilling results. At the same time, modern methods of designing a drilling tool should take into account the influence of the drilling fluid, its properties, and the nature of the flow on the rock destruction mechanism, i. e. require a thorough study of the nature of the fluid flow in the contact zone of the tool cutters with the rock. The article proposes the position of considering the design of a diamond drilling tool cutting surface from the point of view of the influence of hydrodynamic processes on the nature of cutters rock interaction. The results of the study of both the author herself and well-known world manufacturers of diamond drilling tools are given as arguments. Aim. To study the influence of the design features of the existing diamond drilling tool on the nature of the fluid flow in the bottomhole zone of the well during drilling. Objects. Designs of diamond drilling tools, hydrodynamic processes associated with drilling. Methods. Analytical method, computer simulation method. Results. Differences in fluid circulation in certain types of diamond drilling tools are determined. The zones of the diamond rock-cutting tool are distinguished. They differ in the nature of the fluid flow. Directions for reducing hydraulic resistance in the bottomhole zone of the well due to changes in the design features of the drilling tool were established.