Abstract
Non-equilibrium processes which convert chemical energy into mechanical motion enable the motility of organisms. Bundles of inextensible filaments driven by energy transduction of molecular motors form essential components of micron-scale motility engines like cilia and flagella. The mimicry of cilia-like motion in recent experiments on synthetic active filaments supports the idea that generic physical mechanisms may be sufficient to generate such motion. Here we show, theoretically, that the competition between the destabilising effect of hydrodynamic interactions induced by force-free and torque-free chemomechanically active flows, and the stabilising effect of nonlinear elasticity, provides a generic route to spontaneous oscillations in active filaments. These oscillations, reminiscent of prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagellar motion, are obtained without having to invoke structural complexity or biochemical regulation. This minimality implies that biomimetic oscillations, previously observed only in complex bundles of active filaments, can be replicated in simple chains of generic chemomechanically active beads.
Highlights
Non-equilibrium processes which convert chemical energy into mechanical motion enable the motility of organisms
Our model filament consists of chemomechanically active beads (CABs) which convert chemical energy to mechanical work in viscous fluids
We briefly recall the mechanism behind hydrodynamic instabilities in active filaments[25]
Summary
Abhrajit Laskar[1], Rajeev Singh[1], Somdeb Ghose[1], Gayathri Jayaraman[1], P. That the competition between the destabilising effect of hydrodynamic interactions induced by force-free and torque-free chemomechanically active flows, and the stabilising effect of nonlinear elasticity, provides a generic route to spontaneous oscillations in active filaments. These oscillations, reminiscent of prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagellar motion, are obtained without having to invoke structural complexity or biochemical regulation. Our model filament consists of chemomechanically active beads (CABs) which convert chemical energy to mechanical work in viscous fluids. For a filament of length L and bending modulus k the dynamics is characterised by the dimensionless activity number A~Ls0=k 25
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