Hydrodynamic and dynamo-optical properties and conformation of cyanoethyl cellulose molecules in solution

Abstract

Translational diffusion, velocity sedimentation and viscosity in acetone as well as flow birefringence (FB) and viscosity in cyclohexanone have been investigated for cyanoethyl cellulose (CEC) with degree of substitution 2.6 in the range of M = (24.5−317) × 10 3. The dependences of [ν], S o and D o on M were obtained. The value of the hydrodynamic constant is A 0 = 3.27 × 10 −10 erg deg −1 mol − 1 3 . According to hydrodynamic data, the equilibrium rigidity of CEC molecules is characterized by the length of the Kuhn segment A = 240 − 350 A ̊ and the coefficient of hindrance to intramolecular motion σ = 4.5-5.4. The hydrodynamic diameter of the chain is 8–14 Å. According to the FB data, the value of A is 260 Å. This value is in agreement with hydrodynamic data. The high value of optical anisotropy of the monomer unit, a | - a ⊥ = 17.8 × 10 −25 cm 3, is in agreement with the structure and anisotropy of the substituting groups, and the investigation of orientation angles of FB leads to the conclusion that, apart from high equilibrium rigidity, CEC in solution is characterized by considerable kinetic chain flexibility. The data for CEC are compared with the characteristics of other cellulose esters and ethers.