Abstract
Ammonium hexachlororuthenate ((NH4)2RuCl6) complex was used as a catalyst precursor and coconut activated carbon (AC) was used as the support in the preparation process of the Ru-based catalyst. (NH4)2RuCl6/AC catalyst was prepared via an incipient wetness impregnation method and assessed in an acetylene hydrochlorination reaction. Meanwhile, the (NH4)2RuCl6/AC catalyst was analyzed with low-temperature N2 adsorption/desorption, thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) techniques. Catalytic performance test results show that the (NH4)2RuCl6/AC catalyst exhibits a superior catalytic activity with the highest acetylene conversion of 90.5% under the conditions of 170 °C and an acetylene gas hourly space velocity of 180 h−1. The characterization results illustrate that the presence of the NH4+ cation can inhibit coke deposition as well as the agglomeration of ruthenium particles, and it can also enhance the adsorption ability for reactant HCl, hence improving the catalytic activity and stability.
Highlights
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), one of the most important plastics, is synthesized via the polymerization of the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM)
It can be seen that the NH4+ in the complex (NH4) Cl/activated carbon (AC) catalyst exhibits a catalytic activity which is as low as the support AC
A commercially available Ru(IV) complex (NH4 )2 RuCl6 as a catalyst precursor was applied to the acetylene hydrochlorination reaction
Summary
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), one of the most important plastics, is synthesized via the polymerization of the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). Xu et al reported that Ru-Cu catalyst with carbon nanotubes as the support (Cu400Ru/MWCNTs) exhibited an acetylene conversion of 51.6% under the reaction conditions of 180 ◦ C, V(HCl)/V(C2 H2 ) = 1.2 and an acetylene gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 180 h−1 [25] These Ru-based catalysts showed a certain increase in the catalytic activities, an effort should be made to further develop a novel and efficient catalyst with high activity and long-term stability fit for industrial application. Dérien et al reported that ruthenium complex [Cp*RuCl(cod)]/PPh3 (Cp* = C5 Me5 , cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) catalyst possessed excellent yields for hydrochlorination of terminal alkynes under the mild reaction, and mechanistic studies suggested that a chlorohydrido Ru(IV) species was a critical intermediate in this reaction [35] This is consistent with our previous findings that the Ru(IV) species is considered as the major active ingredient in acetylene hydrochlorination reaction [36].
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