Hydrochemical Study of Artesian wells in Babylon Governorate - Middle of Iraq

Abstract

This study tended to evaluate the quality of groundwater of three artesian wells (free ground water) distributed randomly in the province of Babylon in order to knowledge a better using of this water. Three water samples were chosen from each well to achieve this purpose. Groundwater samples were analyzed in the laboratory of the department of applied geology in terms of the following variables: total dissolved substances (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), positive cations and negative ions, and the heavy elements. The results showed that the water of the artesian wells 1, and 3 have extreme salinity, whit high Electrical Conductivity ranging from 3200 to 8800 µS/cm. In addition, they are characterized by exceeding the critical limits for the percentage of magnesium and show more extent of the sodium element through a high percentage of soluble sodium (SSP%)and they were characterized by exceeding the permissible values for chloride ions. And also, the analysis result of heavy elements shows wells 1 and 3 have slight copper contamination and high cadmium contamination, so that my causing damage in plant growth. While the analysis results of water of well 1 confirm to be valid for the irrigation of sensitive plants. Our recommendation is good management of water resources is essential for preserving the region's soil and surface water and reducing underground pollution.