Hydrochemical Evaluation of Groundwater from Selected Wells in Al Muthana Governorate, Southern Iraq

Raad Al- Khafaji,Saad Muhi,Adnan Jassam

doi:10.24996/ijs.2021.62.6.18

Abstract

The study area is part of the city of Samawa in Al Muthanna Governorate in southern Iraq. The study area is located to the west of Samawa city bounded by the north latitudes 31⁰11'-31o42' and east longitudes 44o58'- 45⁰16'and its groundwater resources are developed for supply and irrigation purposes. In order to evaluate the quality of groundwater in the study area, twenty three groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for physical and chemical parameters. Hydrochemical analysis showed that the groundwater of the study area is excessively mineralized and very hard. The increase in flow length of groundwater in the study area caused a change in water quality from bicarbonate to sulfate and chloride. The abundance of the major ions is as follows: SO4> CL>HCO3>NO3and Na>Ca>Mg>K. The dominant type of groundwater is Na+- sulfate. The water of the studied wells is not suitable for human drinking. Depending on TDS and EC values, most samples of the water are moderate saline class for irrigation. Most wells are good to permissible (wells No.4,14,17) and doubtful (well No. 12) for irrigation depending on Na%, while unsuitable for irrigation depending on EC (except well No. 17 which is permissible). Excellent water class (S1)for agriculture was recorded depending on SAR, except for well N0.2 which had an a good class (S2).

Highlights

‫ وتقع بين دائرتي‬,‫ان منظقة الد ارسة هي جزء من مدينة الدماوة في محافظة المثنى جنهب الع ارق‬ ‫وفيها تعتبر المياه الجهفية ذات‬,‫) شرقا‬44058 ̅- 45016 ̅(‫) شمالاا وخظي طهل‬31011 ̅-31042 ̅(‫عرض‬ ‫ تمت د ارسة ثلاث وعذرون نمهذجا لممياه الجهفية في منظقة‬.‫أهمية كبيرة لأغ ارض الري والاستخدامات الأخرى‬ ‫ بينت الد ارسة أن المياه الجهفية في منظقة‬.‫الد ارسة لمعرفة نهعية المياه وبعض المتغي ارت الفيزياوية والكيماوية‬
The samples were placed in plastic bottles with a volume of 1.5 liter after washing by distilled water and rinsed by sample water for each well to ensure the elimination of pollutants. pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured in the site after collecting the samples using calibrated EC-pH meter with a standard solution, while Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) was measured by the evaporation method
Electrical conductivity (EC):It is the ability of 1cm3 water to conduct an electric current at a standard temperature of 25C◦ and measured in micro Siemens per centimeter (μ.s\ cm), depending on the total amount of soluble salts [7].The variation of conductivity gives important information about the evolution of water quality

Summary

Introduction

‫ وتقع بين دائرتي‬,‫ان منظقة الد ارسة هي جزء من مدينة الدماوة في محافظة المثنى جنهب الع ارق‬ ‫وفيها تعتبر المياه الجهفية ذات‬,‫) شرقا‬44058 ̅- 45016 ̅(‫) شمالاا وخظي طهل‬31011 ̅-31042 ̅(‫عرض‬ ‫ تمت د ارسة ثلاث وعذرون نمهذجا لممياه الجهفية في منظقة‬.‫أهمية كبيرة لأغ ارض الري والاستخدامات الأخرى‬ ‫ بينت الد ارسة أن المياه الجهفية في منظقة‬.‫الد ارسة لمعرفة نهعية المياه وبعض المتغي ارت الفيزياوية والكيماوية‬. 2-Dammam formation (Middle-Late Eocene):It is the only exposed formation of paleogene Epoch in the study area. It is comprised of limestone, dolomite, marl, and shale. 5- Quaternary sediments: The quaternary deposits consist of the sediments of the plaiostocene and the Holocene These deposits cover the study area, which are marine, river and air sediments, and their thickness ranges between 140-200 meters. These sediments are characterized by their high permeability that helps to filter surface water to the underground layers that can be reservoirs of groundwater. Water samples were analyzed to determine ions concentration in the laboratories of General Commission for Groundwater

Objectives

Results

Conclusion