Abstract
Groundwater samples from 39 wells in different geological settings in Sagamu area, Southwestern Nigeria were analysed for their hydrochemical properties, to determine their suitability for domestic and irrigation purposes. The samples were subjected to chemical analysis involving the Induced Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) for cation determination, and volumetric analysis to determine the anions. The classification of the groundwater using Piper diagram, Gibbs variation, Wilcox classification and Zhang evolution plot reveals the distribution of groundwater quality in the area. Parameters like Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR) Kelly’s Ratio (KR), Permeability Index (PI), Residual Sodium Bicarbonate (RSBC), and chloro-alkaline indices (CAI), were calculated for irrigation purposes. The results were presented as spatial distribution maps for interpretation and further inferences. Comparison of the groundwater quality in the area with local and international standards indicates that 94.9% of the groundwater within the area is generally suitable for domestic and irrigation purposes. Keywords: Groundwater, hydrochemical assessment, geological settings, Sagamu area, Irrigation
Highlights
Increasing population in Nigeria has further led to the demand of potable and abundant water supply for consumption and irrigation purposes
The large variation in the EC may be attributed to the geochemical processes prevailing in the different geological settings of the area
Permeability index (PI) used to assess the probable influence of water quality on physical properties of soils range from 1.4% to 9.2% (Table 1) and the results indicate that groundwater in the study area fall within class I and class II (Doneen, 1966) which make the water suitable for irrigation purposes
Summary
Increasing population in Nigeria has further led to the demand of potable and abundant water supply for consumption and irrigation purposes. Sagamu metropolis in Southwestern part of Nigeria is not an exception, as groundwater is a major source of water of the residents for various purposes. Groundwater contains dissolved mineral ions from soil particles, sediments and rocks due to processes including dissolution and ion exchange of infiltrating waters through the pores or fractures of the unsaturated zone and the aquifer. High concentrations of trace metals can be found in ground water near contaminated sources, posing serious health threats. This study, focuses on the assessment of groundwater evolution and quality in Sagamu area and environs, with regards to its suitability for irrigation and consumption purposes
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