Hydrochemical and hydrobiological researches of number reservoirs in the East Kazakhstan region

Abstract

This article describes the results of an exploration of the current state of some reservoirs of the Ulan district of the East Kazakhstan region: a pond on the Karasu River 7 km upstream of the village of Privolnoye, a pond on the Karasu River 2 km upstream of the village of Mitrofanovka, a pond on the Peschanka River and a pond on the Tugulka River according to hydrochemical and hydrobiological indicators, in order to determine the status and suitability of water objects in fish breeding. Research works was carried out in 2021. Inspections of reservoirs were carried out sporadically, in connection with this, these water objects can be considered poorly studied. For the analysis of temporal changes, hydrochemical and hydrobiological samples were taken in spring, summer and autumn. The content of biogenic compounds and main ions was studied, the results obtained were compared with the values given in the Unified Classification System for Water Quality in Water Bodies, and their seasonal dynamics was also considered. The article defines the class of the reservoir by chemical composition, the category by mineralization and the class of hardness. According to the results of research, water objects are characterized by an optimal oxygen regime, slightly alkaline reaction (pH 7.2–8.7) and low salinity (310–438 mg/dm3). According to the classification of the main ions, the waters of the surveyed ponds belong to the hydrocarbonate class, the calcium group, the first type. It was determined that the concentration of biogenic compounds in 2021 does not exceed the established fishery standards. The values of the abundance and biomass of zooplankton and benthos in different seasons of research are estimated, an assessment of the trophic status of the reservoirs was given according to hydrobiological indicators and a brief physical and geographical characteristic of water objects is described. In general, the trophic class of ponds in the Ulansky district varied from very low class to high class in terms of hydrobiological indicators, which indicates a good supply of food resources. It can be noted that the maximum indicators of the development of the forage base were observed in the summer period. Based on the results of the analyzes obtained, the status and category of the studied water bodies were determined.