Abstract
AbstractThe Nile River represents the basic surface water in Egypt as the area beside it is the most fertile land in Egypt. The Nile River’s surface has become insufficient in recent years to the Egyptian requirements because of the overpopulation and the recent developing projects’ problems. Therefore, searching for new possible reclamation areas turned into a critical need. Intensive efforts have been made to set large agricultural projects and new urban communities in the desert. The study region is located northwest of El-Sadat city (West Nile Delta) covering the area between longitudes 30° 16′ 48″ and 30° 30′ 40″ E and latitudes 30° 21′ 36″ and 30° 31′ 12″ N. It occupies an area of 330 km2. Because of the presence of such a vital location, a lot of work has been put into developing it. El-Sadat city is one of Egypt’s most important new industrial cities. A lot of work has been planned into developing such desired area due to the presence of agricultural soil potentialities, gentle relief, and groundwater resources. The main purpose of the present study is to evaluate the hydrochemical settings of the groundwater and defeat the groundwater shortage problem in this area. The water samples gathered from 57 different drilled water boreholes were tested for the major cations [Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, K+], major anions [CO32−, HCO3−, SO42−, Cl−], Mn and Fe trace elements, in addition to electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS). Moreover, the suitability of 57 groundwater boreholes for drinking and irrigation purposes was assessed by comparing with the known standard guidelines’ values. Water quality indices such sodium content (SC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KI), chloride classification, magnesium hazard (MH), and chloro-alkaline indices were also taken into consideration while assessing the quality of groundwater for agricultural objectives.KeywordsWest Nile DeltaEl-Sadat cityWater qualityHydrochemical analysis
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