Abstract
Tumkur Taluk is located in the southeastern corner of Karnataka state between 13 degrees 06'30'' to 13 degrees 31' 00'' North latitude and 76 degrees 59' 00'' to 77 degrees 19' 00'' East Longitude. The Taluk spreads over an area of 1043 sq.km falling within the semiarid region and frequently facing water scarcity as well as quality problems. The major sources of employment are agriculture, horticulture and animal husbandry, engaging almost 80% of the workforce. Water samples are collected from 269 stations during pre-monsoon and 279 locations during post-monsoon of the year 2006, and were subjected to analysis for chemical characteristics. The type of water that predominates in the study area is Ca-Mg-HCO3 type during both pre- and post-monsoon seasons of the year 2006, based on hydro-chemical facies. Besides, suitability of water for irrigation is evaluated based on sodium adsorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate, sodium percent, salinity hazard and USSL diagram.
Highlights
Water quality analysis is one of the most important aspects in groundwater studies
The type of water that predominates in the study area is Ca-Mg-HCO3 type during both pre-and postmonsoon seasons of the year 2006, based on hydrochemical facies
Though the suitability of water for irrigation is determined based on SAR, %Na, Residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and Salinity hazard, it is only an empirical conclusion
Summary
Water quality analysis is one of the most important aspects in groundwater studies. The hydro chemical study reveals quality of water that is suitable for drinking, agriculture and industrial purposes. The chemical parameters of groundwater play a significant role in classifying and assessing water quality. Considering the individual and paired ionic concentration, certain indices are proposed to find out the alkali hazards. It was observed that the criteria used in the classification of waters for a particular purpose considering the individual concentration may not find its suitability for other purposes and better results can be obtained only by considering the combined chemistry of all the ions rather than individual or paired ionic characters [3,4,5]. Zaporozee [6] has summarized the various modes of data representation and has discussed their possible uses
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