Abstract
The problem related to the occurrence of oil accumulations in a sedimentary basin requires knowledge of the different geological structures present in this basin. The aim of this article is to show that the geological structure of sedimentary basins has an impact on the generation of oil accumulations. The case of Cameroon’s coastal basins has been studied: the Douala/Kribi-Campo basin (DKC) and the Rio Del Rey basin (RDR), which are producing basins in Cameroon. The work carried out has enabled to classify the DKC and RDR basins as passive margin basins. The lithology and geological structures present in the Douala/Kribi-Campo basin suggest the existence of source rocks (RM-1, RM-2, RM-3, RM-4 and RM-5), seal rocks (Mundeck clay, Logbabaclay...), stratigraphic, structural and mixed traps; the best oil potential is identified in its eastern part. On the other hand, the sandy levels are abundant, clean, and thick with a great porosity, which makes them excellent hydrocarbon reservoirs. In the Rio Del Rey basin, the lithology and geological structures present suggest the occurrence of source rocks (Akata clay and Agbada base clay), seal rocks (Akata clay) and multilayered reservoir rocks sandy or silty Agbada Formation and the freshwater sands of the Benin Formation. Unlike the Douala/Kribi-Campo basin, the best oil potential in the Rio Del Rey Basin lies in the center, in the so-called “deltaic alternation” formations dated from the late Miocene to the Pliocene.
Highlights
IntroductionIn Cameroon, along the Atlantic margin, two sedimentary basins are separated by the Cameroon volcanic line (CVL): the Rio Del Rey Basin representing the south-eastern extension of the Niger-Delta and the Douala/Kribi-Campo Basin, epicontinental depression passive margin, born from the opening of the South Atlantic [1]
The lithology and geological structures present in the Douala/Kribi-Campo basin suggest the existence of source rocks (RM-1, RM-2, RM-3, RM-4 and RM-5), seal rocks (Mundeck clay, Logbabaclay...), stratigraphic, structural and mixed traps; the best oil potential is identified in its eastern part
In Cameroon, along the Atlantic margin, two sedimentary basins are separated by the Cameroon volcanic line (CVL): the Rio Del Rey Basin representing the south-eastern extension of the Niger-Delta and the Douala/Kribi-Campo Basin, epicontinental depression passive margin, born from the opening of the South Atlantic [1]
Summary
In Cameroon, along the Atlantic margin, two sedimentary basins are separated by the Cameroon volcanic line (CVL): the Rio Del Rey Basin representing the south-eastern extension of the Niger-Delta and the Douala/Kribi-Campo Basin, epicontinental depression passive margin, born from the opening of the South Atlantic [1]. As a result of the latter, already begins in Santonian and continues in the lower Campanian the deposit of the Logbadjek Formation, made of microconglomerate, sand, medium to coarse sandstone and rare intercalations limestone and clay This follows, in the Upper Campanian and Maastrichtian, the thick Formation of Logbaba formed of marine sediments of deep water predominantly clay. In the Douala Basin, tertiary sedimentation begins with the deposition of the Nkapa Formation by simple subsidence of the passive margin This Paleocene-Early Eocene age consists of bedded clay, argillite, fine-to-coarse friable sandstone, silt, sand lentils, and dolomite ([1] [10] [11]). After a last stratigraphic gap at the end of the Miocene, the Cenozoic series ends with the Formations of Matanda (Pliocene) and Wouri (Pleistocene) made of fine to coarse sand, variegated clay and volcanic tuff
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