Abstract
It is well known that the water hammer phenomenon can lead to pipeline system failures. For this reason, there is an increased need for simulation of hydraulic transients. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes are commonly used in various pressurised pipeline systems. Most studies have only focused on water hammer events in a single pipe. However, typical fluid distribution networks are composed of serially connected pipes with various inner diameters. The present paper aims to investigate the influence of sudden cross-section changes in an HDPE pipeline system on pressure oscillations during the water hammer phenomenon. Numerical and experimental studies have been conducted. In order to include the viscoelastic behaviour of the HDPE pipe wall, the generalised Kelvin–Voigt model was introduced into the continuity equation. Transient equations were numerically solved using the explicit MacCormack method. A numerical model that involves assigning two values of flow velocity to the connection node was used. The aim of the conducted experiments was to record pressure changes downstream of the pipeline system during valve-induced water hammer. In order to validate the numerical model, the simulation results were compared with experimental data. A satisfactory compliance between the results of the numerical calculations and laboratory data was obtained.
Highlights
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes are widely used in various pressurised pipeline systems
Polymeric materials are known to exhibit timedependent viscoelastic mechanical behaviour [1]. This property is visible in the case of hydraulic transients, as it induces major dissipation and dispersion of the pressure waves [2]
The present paper aims to2confirm this method for HDPE pipes
Summary
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes are widely used in various pressurised pipeline systems. Accurate computational models predicting pressure oscillations in pipeline systems are required [3] For this reason, several studies investigating pipe wall behaviour during the water hammer phenomenon have been conducted. In order to numerically simulate water hammer in steel pipe series, an improved junction boundary condition was established [12] It involves assigning two sets of values, which describe flow parameters, to the connection node, causing it to act as two separate nodes. As part of the study, laboratory tests were conducted, designed to record pressure changes at the downstream end of a serially connected HDPE pipeline system. A one-dimensional model ofthe thesecond watersection hammer phe-a article organised as follows Afternumerical this introduction, gives nomenon in serially pipes is presented. The standard system describing the one-dimensional transient flow of a compressible
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