Abstract
AbstractAn ortstein horizon was encountered in a soil profile identified as a Wallace loamy sand on the glacial outwash plains of central Wisconsin. The horizon was distinguished by its color, strength properties, free iron concentrations, and bulk density. Laboratory and in situ field measurements of capillary conductivity indicated that the horizon was more permeable than the profile above it during wet conditions, and that it became less permeable than adjacent horizons as the soil dried out. Water retention of this ortstein horizon was greater than the rest of the profile by as much as 40%. The greatest differences in hydraulic properties were associated with the layer of maximum bulk density, while the maximum iron concentrations were observed at a slightly lesser depth.
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