Abstract
The urban areas are the most vulnerable to flooding especially those located on sites exposed to these risks including the city of Meknes. The objective of this work is to highlight the urban environment through this case study. To do this, it has adopted an approach map and hydraulic modeling involving to the Compendium and the crossing of map data as well as to the different data collected through the tools to serve the development of the territories while developing a map of danger relating to the risk of flooding in the city of Meknes.
Highlights
To the like other Mediterranean countries Morocco, by its semi-arid climate, has not escaped the effects of the floods which are directly linked to climate change.A retrospective of the past shows that over time, there was the estates alternating and extremes of climate which manifest themselves in long periods of droughts and short periods of flooding
The one that has ravaged the Ziz valley on 05 November 1965, leaving 25 000 inhabitants homeless and who has imposed the construction of the dam Hassan Adakhil upstream, in the north of the city of Errachidia; or again that of the Moulouya occurred on 23 May 1968 and which was of a violence that she took the seat on the left bank of the dam Mohammed V
The basis of cartographic data used in the framework of our study is constituted by: the topographic map of the region of Meknes to the 1/25000 scales, the map in urban areas in 1/10000, the SDAU at 1:5000 the development of the plan in the 1/2000 (AUMK, 2008) [4] several software’s have been used: a) Software ArcGIS: it is a software that presents the particularity certainly manage data geo referenced, but its performance is based mainly on the quality of its integration in an organization, the implementation of methods to gather, analysis, process, Share and share geographic information b) HEC-RAS is software modelling dimensional which has been developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers
Summary
To the like other Mediterranean countries Morocco, by its semi-arid climate, has not escaped the effects of the floods which are directly linked to climate change. A retrospective of the past shows that over time, there was the estates alternating and extremes of climate which manifest themselves in long periods of droughts and short periods of flooding. The periods of drought were long and frequent and follow one another and are alternating sometimes by wet and rainy at the point of floods It is found of floods that have marked our history and which have engraved our memory. The one that has ravaged the Ziz valley on 05 November 1965, leaving 25 000 inhabitants homeless and who has imposed the construction of the dam Hassan Adakhil upstream, in the north of the city of Errachidia; or again that of the Moulouya occurred on 23 May 1968 and which was of a violence that she took the seat on the left bank of the dam Mohammed V
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