Abstract
Abstract 20 Litre UASB reactors, operated continuously, were used to study hydrodynamic influences on accumulation and settling characteristics of granules. Two experiments were performed. The effect of liquid upflow velocity in the reactor on granules was investigated in Experiment 1. The effect of liquid inlet port configurations, in terms of the number of inlet ports, their diameter and the direction of influent stream into the reactor (at the same upflow velocity of 1.5 m/h) was investigated in Experiment 2. It was found from Experiment 1 that settling characteristics of granules at lower liquid upflow velocities (0.25 and 0.5 m/h) significantly differed from those observed at higher upflow velocities (1.0 and 1.5 m/h). A wide spectrum of settling velocities was observed at lower liquid upflow velocities while granules became more uniform at higher upflow velocities. It was found from Experiment 2 that settling of granules was little influenced by different inlet port configurations. However, more inlet ports and/or configurations which forced granules to move at the bottom of the reactor were favourable for the accumulation of granules and for higher concentration of VSS within the granules.
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