Hydraulic Fracturing Industry Response to the Publication of Study Regarding Excessive Occupational Exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica

Abstract

Hydraulic Fracturing Industry Response to the Publication of Study Regarding Excessive Occupational Exposure to Respirable Crystalline SilicaAbstract Number:2203 Dana Drecksel*, David F. Goldsmith Dana Drecksel* Georgetown University, United States, E-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author and David F. Goldsmith Georgetown University, United States, E-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author AbstractBackground: Inhalation of crystalline silica dust causes silicosis, lung cancer, autoimmune disorders, kidney diseases, and an increased risk of TB. In 2010 NIOSH commenced a study on silica dust exposure in the hydraulic fracturing industry, publishing their results in 2013: Esswein, et. al JOEH, 10: 347-356. The study gathered personal breathing zone samples for employees at fracking sites, found that a majority exceeded NIOSH and OSHA exposure limits for respirable SiO2 dust, and suggested procedures for decreasing occupational exposure.*Aims*: Our purpose was to assess the response of the fracking industry to Esswein et al.’s findings. Via direct industry queries we analyzed and documented changes that have taken place to improve monitoring and control of SiO2 hazards in the fracturing industry.*Methodology*: We interviewed Esswein and others in the fracking industry regarding changes since 2013. We are gathering additional data from representatives of oil companies, completions contractors, companies engaged in controlling the dust, State based oil and gas commissions, and hydraulic fracturing equipment manufacturers.*Findings*: In response to the study, industry organizations formed focus groups to examine potential engineering controls, seek input from industrial hygienists, and improve communications regarding occupational risks. Completions contractors report that their oil and gas clients are requiring improved monitoring and control, though most dust control measures remain in the development stage. Others report improved PPE and ‘do not enter’ areas at fracking sites. There is a claim that controlling SiO2 during fracking fluid mixing will cost $6+ billion.*Why this Matters*: Until the NIOSH publication, no study demonstrated that workers engaged in hydraulic fracturing were subject to high silica dust levels. Given these findings, documenting industry changes to the monitoring/controlling of such hazards is timely and significant.