Hydration, Schichtsolvatbildung und Kationenaustauschreaktionen nichtstöchiometrischer ternärer Sulfide des Titans / Hydration, Layer Solvate Formation and Cation Exchange of Nonstoichiometric Ternary Sulfides of Titanium

Abstract

Nonstoichiometric ternary phases (MI)x[TiS2] with MI = Li, Na, K were prepared by reaction of TiS2 in salt melts of the corresponding alkali halides under H2S/CS2 atmosphere. The compounds form hexagonal crystal plates with negatively charged [TiS2]x--layers of the CdJ2-type and alkali cations located between the metal sulfide sheets. They react with water to form hydrates, whose layer distances depend on the radius of the alkali cation and on the ambient water vapour pressure. A variety of layer solvate complexes is obtained by partial or total replacement of the water with polar molecules, which are able to solvate the metal sulfide layers and the interlayer cations. The latter may be exchanged with mono- and divalent inorganic and organic cations. Similar reactions were observed with a number of ternary layer chalcogenides (MI)x⁻ [(MII)yXz] with MI = Li, Na. K, Rb, Cs; MII = Zr, Hf, V. Nb, Ta, Cr, Ni, Pd, Pt and X = S, Se.