Abstract
Experimental results from x-ray scattering, Raman scattering, neutron scattering, and magnetic susceptibility measurements are presented to discuss hydration states and magnetic orderings in vermiculite intercalation compounds. In Na-vermiculite, the hydration transitions between 2- and I-water layer hydration states (WLHS), and 1- and 0-WLHS were studied as a function of temperature from 22–200°C. The transitions are of first order, exhibiting phase coexistence and large hysteresis. In Ni-vermiculite, de susceptibility measurements showed both magnetic-field directions and hydration dependencies. Also, ac susceptibility and small-angle neutron scattering experiments revealed evidence for magnetic phase transitions in a temperature range between 1.5 and 4 K.
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