Hydatid Disease Involving the Entire Femur Treated with Wide Resection and Reconstruction with Total Femur Replacement—a Case Report

Abstract

Hydatid disease is a rare condition produced most commonly by the infection of Echinococcus granulosus. The disease typically affects the liver and lungs; osseous echinococcosis accounts only for a small portion of the cases. When bone is compromised, treatment can be challenging, and wide resection of infected bone might be needed to avoid recurrence. A 26-year-old man presented with a pathological fracture of his left femur. Imaging and histology studies were consistent with hydatid disease. Due to the extent of the lesion and high risk for recurrence, the treatment consisted of wide surgical excision and total femur replacement prosthesis associated with anthelmintic therapy. The patient completed 2 years of follow-up with no signs of local recurrence. In cases of hydatid disease with extensive involvement of the femur, wide resection and reconstruction with a total femur prosthesis are viable options that could lead to adequate functional results with no recurrence.