Abstract
The species of the genus Hybrizon Fallén (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Hybrizontinae) from China are reviewed, with special reference to Shandong (North China). Two new species (Hybrizon heisp. nov. and H. xuisp. nov.) are described and illustrated. A key to the East Palaearctic species of Hybrizon is included.
Highlights
Hybrizon Fallén, 1813, belongs to the small subfamily Hybrizontinae Blanchard, 1845 (= Paxylommatinae Foerster, 1863, Hybrizoninae of some authors; Wharton and van Achterberg 2000) and contains endoparasitoids of ant larvae carried by workers outside their nest (Gómez Durán and van Achterberg 2011)
Neorhacodinae show a similar fusion of veins SR and M (= vein 3-SR+M) of the fore wing and have antenna with 13 segments, but Neorhacodinae lack the enlarged hind basitarsus of Hybrizontinae
The ML phylogenetic tree both of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 28S rRNA revealed that all species from Shandong province based on morphological characters were supported by molecular differences
Summary
Hybrizon Fallén, 1813, belongs to the small subfamily Hybrizontinae Blanchard, 1845 (= Paxylommatinae Foerster, 1863, Hybrizoninae of some authors; Wharton and van Achterberg 2000) and contains endoparasitoids of ant larvae carried by workers outside their nest (Gómez Durán and van Achterberg 2011). Most likely the subfamily belongs to the family Ichneumonidae (Rasnitsyn 1980; Yu and Horstmann 1997), but was often associated with Braconidae (van Achterberg 1976) or considered to be a separate family (He 1981, Tobias 1988). Hybrizontinae can be most separated by their aberrant venation of the fore wing (Figs 10, 17, 24), the antenna of both sexes with only 13 segments and the enlarged hind basitarsus. Neorhacodinae show a similar fusion of veins SR and M (= vein 3-SR+M) of the fore wing (as a result no vein r-m is present) and have antenna with 13 segments, but Neorhacodinae lack the enlarged hind basitarsus of Hybrizontinae. Three other extant genera are known, of which two are very similar: Eurypterna Foerster, 1863 (= Ogkosoma Haupt, 1913) and Ghilaromma Tobias, 1988 (Tobias 1988; van Achterberg 1999). Neohybrizon differs from the other extant genera by the extremely reduced mouth parts, the longer mesoscutum, the absence of the prepectal carina, the depressed medio-posterior area of the mesoscutum, the larger parastigma, the slenderer pterostigma, the straight vein 1-SR+1-M of the fore wing, and the longer hind femur (more than 5.5 × as long as the hind trochanter, about 4 times in Hybrizon) (mainly after Hisasue and Konishi 2019)
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