Hybridization between Viola canina and V. persicifolia in Norway

Abstract

Hybridization in Norway between Viola canina and V persicifolia was investigated by analysis of root tip mitosis, pollen stainability and morphological variation. The chromosome number was proved to be 2n = 40 (tetraploid) for V. canina ssp. montana, 2n = 20 (diploid) for V. persicifolia and 2n = 30 (triploid) for the hybrid, V. canina×persicifolia. No deviating chromosome numbers were found. The tetraploids and the diploids had a high frequency, and the triploids a low frequency, of apparently good pollen grains. Canonical variate analysis were used to investigate the pattern of morphological differentiation in the material. The specimens clearly separate into three groups in accordance with the three ploidy levels. No introgression was demonstrated.