Abstract
The increased number of renewable power plants pose threat to power system balance. Their intermittent nature makes it very difficult to predict power output, thus either additional reserve power plants or new storage and control technologies are required. Traditional spinning reserve cannot fully compensate sudden changes in renewable energy power generation. Using new storage technologies such as flow batteries, it is feasible to balance the variations in power and voltage within very short period of time. This paper summarises the controlled use of hybrid flow battery, thermal and hydro power plant system, to support wind power plants to reach near perfect balance, i.e. make the total power output as close as possible to the predicted value. It also investigates the possibility of such technology to take part in the balance of the Lithuanian power system. A dynamic model of flow battery is demonstrated where it evaluates the main parameters such as power, energy, reaction time and efficiency. The required battery size is tested based on range of thermal and hydro power plant reaction times. This work suggests that power and energy of a reasonable size flow battery is sufficient to correct the load and wind power imbalance.
Highlights
IntroductionThe number of renewable energy sources has increased dramatically
During the past decade, the number of renewable energy sources has increased dramatically
This paper describes energy management method for increasing the quality of wind energy output using conventional Thermal Power Plant (TPP), Hydro Power Plant (HPP) and Flow Batteries (FB)
Summary
The number of renewable energy sources has increased dramatically. Policy makers in developed countries create many incentives in favor of the development of low-carbon technologies and subsidise green energy generation. Due to hardly predictable natural resources, like wind or solar irradiation, the errors between actual energy output and forecasted generation are relatively large. This increases the difficulty of the energy balance problem: corresponding operators need either more tools or new technologies to come in hand [2]. Increasing advanced spinning reserve to back up intermittent generation would require inadequate level of investment considering exponential growth of power generation using green technologies This type of reserve has limited power variation capabilities (in the order of minutes) whereas solar power output can drop nearly instantly. The alternative is to use new highly responsive storage technologies [3, 4] that could be incorporated into the system and shave over-generation as well as generate energy when demand overtakes supply
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