Hybrid verb forms in Polish and Ukrainian

Abstract

Hybrid verb forms constitute a relevant aspect that has been little studied by linguists. The paper discusses hybrid verb forms in order to determine structural and semantic differences against the background of Polish and Ukrainian. The hybridity of verb forms lies in the formation of parts of speech that combine categories characteristic of different classes of words, such as voice, tense, refl exivity, case, number. Such forms include the verbal noun, adjectival participle, impersonal predicative forms ending with -no, -to, and infi nitive. The use of the comparative analysis made it possible to separate common and different features in both languages. Polish and Ukrainian are characterised by different degrees of convergence with verb or noun, in particular due to the category of refl exivity. The paper states that all these mixed parts of speech are united by the category of aspect, which relates primarily to verb. The paper also analyses the functioning of hybrid verb forms in modern Polish and Ukrainian.