Abstract
The energy used in the built-up environment represents at least 40% of the total energy consumed, out of which, at least 60% is required for heating, cooling and domestic hot water (DHW). Within the European Union, more than 6,000 communities (i.e. over 9%) use district heating systems, the majority of which use the conversion of fossil fuels as a source of energy. This aspect, which is corroborated by the directives of the EU legislation on the use of renewable energy sources and energy performance, imposes the development of new solutions through which the existing district heating systems may be adapted to use renewable energy sources. The solar-thermal systems that are used on a large (district) scale are becoming more and more efficient from the point of view of their feasibility; however, it is almost impossible to create systems that should satisfy the thermal energy demand throughout the four seasons of the year. The hybrid solar-biomass system is becoming the applicable solution for the majority of the communities that have from this potential, since it can secure independence from the point of view of the use of thermal energy. This paper presents the design stages for the implementation of the hybrid solar-biomass systems with a view to identifying the optimal solutions for systems to be integrated into an existing district heating system. A case study (Taberei District in Odorheiu Secuiesc City), which provides a detailed description of the feasible technical solutions, is presented.
Highlights
The statistics show that the building stock of the European Union (EU) exceeds 24 billion m2 [9] and that more than half of the EU population lives in areas that could benefit from at least one District Heating (DH) system [12]
- 4th scenario: Ensuring the energy demand for heat and domestic hot water (DHW), by using biomass conversion boilers combined with the use of the scheme regarding the possibility of having to guarantee the DHW demand for 6 months, during the warm season, with contribution to the heat carrier production installation; The energy demand for heating was determined based on the methodology of calculation presented and it was compared to the data collected from the users’ invoices, resulting in the data of the case study (509 flats, 1950 residents), which are provided in figure3
The method proposed in this study allows the development of the best Hybrid SolarBiomass (HSB) system required to secure the thermal energy demand for the supply of DHW and DH throughout the year
Summary
The high consumption of energy in the built-up environment, together with the major climate changes and the low living standard represent 3 major issues that humanity is currently facing [1], and one of the potential remedies is the use of renewable energy sources for the development of sustainable communities [2]. These data represent the input data for the energy simulation software and, regardless of the source, said information is relevant provided it have a frequency of at least 7.5 minutes (0.125 hours); b) Technical parameters of the buildings (built-up area, useful area, insulation quality, positioning from the cardinal points etc.) can be measured or determined by classification into certain specific national standards (e.g. MC001/2006 in Romania [32]); c) Number of consumers and the behaviour thereof ( with regard to the consumption of DHW); d) The registered energy consumption represents the energy measured/invoiced history It can replace the entry data (described at points b) and c) provided that there is a minimum 3-years history that can guarantee a high degree of reliability of the data; e) Available infrastructure, consisting of the existing types of equipment/installations (pumping systems, ducts, storage systems etc.) that are available for the project.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
