Abstract
Corrosion degradation of materials and metallic structures is one of the major issues that give rise to depreciation of assets, causing great financial outlays in their recovery and or prevention. Therefore, the development of active corrosion protection systems for metallic substrates is an issue of prime importance. The promising properties and wide application range of hybrid sol-gel-derived polymers have attracted significant attention over recent decades. The combination of organic polymers and inorganic materials in a single phase provides exceptional possibilities to tailor electrical, optical, anticorrosive, and mechanical properties for diverse applications. This unlimited design concept has led to the development of hybrid coatings for several applications, such as transparent plastics, glasses, and metals to prevent these substrates from permeation, mechanical abrasion, and corrosion, or even for decorative functions. Nevertheless, the development of new hybrid products requires a basic understanding of the fundamental chemistry, as well as of the parameters that influence the processing techniques, which will briefly be discussed. Additionally, this review will also summarize and discuss the most promising sol-gel coatings for corrosion protection of steel, aluminium, and their alloys conducted at an academic level.
Highlights
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The traditional surface passivation treatment for steel is obtained by conversion coating, such as phosphating and chromating, which produces a layer of corrosion-protective products capable of resisting further chemical attack
This review presents a summary of the main research achievements in the development, using the sol-gel method, of hybrid sol-gel coatings for protection of steel and aluminium substrates against corrosion
Summary
The major degradation mechaniissmm of metallic materialss is corrosion (Figure 1). Corrosion can be generally deffiined as the reaction of a metallic material with its environment and the products of this reaction may be solid, liquid, or gaseous [1,2,3,4]. The traditional surface passivation treatment for steel is obtained by conversion coating, such as phosphating and chromating, which produces a layer of corrosion-protective products capable of resisting further chemical attack. Hexavalent chromium-containing compounds used in chromate conversion coatings are known to be toxic and carcinogenic; recent legislation imposes strong limitations in future use of chromium compounds yielding to a great effort in developing chromate-free coatings These restrictions, and the lack of materials capable of accomplishing all technological needs, naturally, led to the development of new corrosion protective coating systems. The developments of low-VOC, low-HAP, and non-toxic surface treatments, capable of providing effective corrosion protection, have been being chased and the sol-gel methodology is considered an adequate alternative to produce smart and green coatings. A comparative analysis between the potentialities of hybrid sol-gel coatings with the existing methods currently available in the mitigation of corrosion is performed
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