Abstract
An effective method for fabricating dual-scale hybrid periodic structures on chromium (Cr) metal was developed using a 1064-nm nanosecond laser. By combining direct laser interference patterning (DLIP) and laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)—assisted by scanning technology—regular dual-scale periodic microstructures composed of orthogonal LIPSS and DLIP could be fabricated. The impact of processing parameters—including the laser fluence, effective pulse number, and scanning interval—on the formation and evolution of the orthogonally overlapping structures was investigated in detail. Moreover, the growth mechanism of the mixed structures on a chromium (Cr) surface was examined considering the heat accumulation effect. Due to the diffraction effects of DLIP and LIPSS, the patterned surface exhibited vivid anisotropic structural colors, showing potential for use in anti-counterfeiting applications. The results showed that ns-DLIP scanning techniques combined with LIPSS could provide an alternative route for fabricating large-area hybrid periodic structures on various materials.
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