Hybrid-Mode PFM Control for LLC Resonant Converter

Abstract

This article presents a new hybrid-mode pulse-frequency-modulation control method for an <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LLC</i> resonant converter. In the proposed control method, the primary-side resonant current sensing signal of the current-mode control variable is combined with a ramp signal of the voltage-mode control variable to determine an operating frequency. Then, the proposed control method mainly modulates the ramp signal in accordance with the output load condition. Therefore, the control-to-output voltage transfer function has both the current <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</b> mode control and voltage-mode control characteristics that provide fast frequency response and stable output voltage regulation in a light-load condition. In addition, since the ramp signal is also used for slope compensation of the resonant current sensing signal, an external slope compensation circuit is not required. A small-signal ac modeling and loop analysis of the proposed method verify the advantages. The proposed control method is implemented into a field programmable gate array (FPGA) board with an analog front-end board. An experiment is carried out on a 288-W <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LLC</i> resonant converter. The result shows that the proposed control method provides fast dynamic performance and stable operation under a light-load condition without an additional slope compensation circuit.