Abstract
ABSTRACT Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is worldwide recognized, and it is also being applied for reuse purposes. The addition of biofilm support media has already been suggested as pure biofilm as well as hybrid membrane bioreactors (HMBR) in order to get more efficient, compact and stable systems. An original HMBR vertical configuration is here proposed for its feasibility as decentralized treatment, implementing submerged fixed bed biofilm support media (self-produced plastic nets filling the top part of the reactor) and submerged microfiltration membranes (collocated below the support media). The demonstrative treatment plant, tested at increasing loading rates (0.36–1.71 kg COD m −3 d−1), was able to treat municipal wastewater without need of primary settling thus awarding high compactness as required to decentralized treatments. The system maintained good overall performances at increasing loading rates with special regard to organic matter and ammonium removal. Denitrification and total nitro...
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