Abstract
HYBRIDLASERARCWELDING (HLAW), also known as laser hybrid welding or simply hybrid welding, is a metal joining process that combines laser beam welding (LBW) and arc welding in the same weld pool. The concept of HLAW was first introduced in the 1970s as “arc-augmented laser welding” that combined LBW with gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) (Ref 1). Since then, arc processes including GTAW, gas metal arc welding (GMAW), and plasma arc welding have been used; however, GMAWhas become themost popular arc process for HLAW. Historically, high-power continuous-wave lasers such as carbon dioxide (CO2) gas lasers and solid-state neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers have been used for HLAW.With advancements in the performance of other solid-state technologies, fiber lasers, thin-disk lasers, and semiconductor diode lasers are increasingly used for HLAW.
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