Hybrid Energy Sources for Innovative Grid-Tied EV Charging Applications

Abstract

Global power consumption is rising, making it vital to look for other sources of energy to solve the impending power crisis. Using grid-synchronized electric vehicles (EVs) is likely to be one way to do this. The whole power system is impacted when several EVs are paired with the grid, leading to imbalances in supply and demand as well as voltage and frequency. We have integrated solar and wind energy in this integration to reduce these concerns. One of the developments in smart grid technology that permits energy exchange between the EV and the grid is vehicle to grid (V2G) technology. The hybrid energy source proposed by this project is used to charge EVs. Here, power from the PV panel, wind turbine, and AC generator is used to charge the EV battery. Any excess energy is then used to fuel the linear and non-linear demands of the subsequent home. A proportional-integral (PI) controller, which is recognized for its dependability and independence from the real system model, is used to maximize the DC voltage extracted from the photovoltaic (PV) panel. The DC voltage is improved overall by the Boost converter’s improved DC output. Concurrently, the system incorporates an AC generator to supply extra power to the grid. A three-phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) converts an improved output of the Boost conversion process used to convert the electricity from the PV panel into AC power. In order to assure safe current injection into the grid, harmonic components detected in the VSI output are rectified using an LC filter to ensure grid compatibility. In this research, the voltage for the EV battery is adjusted using a bidirectional converter. Electricity from EVs that are not in use may be sent back into the grid for additional purposes. Simulink and MATLAB 2021a are used to simulate and evaluate the proposed method.