Hybrid emperor penguin glowworm swarm optimiser for techno-economical optimisation with demand side management in microgrid using multi-objective function

Abstract

Recently, microgrids have been engaged with Demand Side Management (DSM), which helps to save more energy. Hence, the existing model suffers based on the slow response, and also it cannot restore the system voltage and frequency. Consequently, the voltage and frequency fluctuations in the microgrid become a challenging task. Thus, this research work aims to develop a new model for the microgrid. Here, a new Hybrid Emperor Penguin Glowworm Swarm Optimisation algorithm is developed with the integration of Emperor Penguin Optimiser (EPO) and Glowworm Swarm Optimisation (GSO). Moreover, the techno-economical model minimises the energy supply cost, Diesel Generator (DG), power loss and voltage variations. It implements the Wind Turbines, DG, optimal capacity of PV and Energy Storage Systems, through techno-economical optimisation for offering renewable energy sources. Moreover, the designed model helps to solve the multi-objective function regarding metrics like initial cost, operation cost, DSM, voltage fluctuations, fuel cost, Electricity Supply Costs and network power losses. The performance of the developed model shows 17.6%, 36.9%, 2.4% and 0.4% better performance than HHO, EPO, GSO and IMP-SPA in terms of voltage fluctuations. Throughout the validation, the offered model shows superior performance when compared with state-of-art models.