Abstract
Currently, the procurement of lightweight, tough, and impact resistant materials is garnering significant industrial interest. New hybrid materials can be developed on the basis of the numerous naturally found materials with gradient properties found in nature. However, previous studies on granular materials demonstrate the possibility of capturing the energy generated by an impact within the material itself, thus deconstructing the initial impulse into a series of weaker impulses, dissipating the energy through various mechanisms, and gradually releasing undissipated energy. This work focuses on two production methods: spin coating for creating a granular material with composition and property gradients (an acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) polymer matrix reinforced by carbon nanolaminates at 0.10%, 0.25%, and 0.50%) and 3D printing for generating viscoelastic layers. The aim of this research was to obtain a hybrid material from which better behaviour against shocks and impacts and increased energy dissipation capacity could be expected when the granular material and viscoelastic layers were combined. Nondestructive tests were employed for the morphological characterization of the nanoreinforcement and testing reinforcement homogeneity within the matrix. Furthermore, the Voronoï tessellation method was used as a mathematical method to supplement the results. Finally, mechanical compression tests were performed to reveal additional mechanical properties of the material that had not been specified by the manufacturer of the 3D printing filaments.
Highlights
Because multiple combinations may arise from two materials of different natures, the field of nanoscience has prioritised the design and production of new hybrid structural materials that can exceed their constituents in terms of properties [1]
The materials used for 3D printing the viscoelastic layers, which will be placed inside
We have not been able to find a single nanostructure with those dimensions
Summary
Because multiple combinations may arise from two materials of different natures (organic and inorganic), the field of nanoscience has prioritised the design and production of new hybrid structural materials that can exceed their constituents in terms of properties [1]. The confined energy is slowly and gradually dissipated; this is achievable if the particles are conveniently distributed in layers of different particle sizes, in layers of different thicknesses, or in evenly separated layers. In this context, the final goal of this study is to propose combined mechanisms that will represent a great step forward from the energy dissipation mechanisms known so far, as it may provide significant improvements in existing materials [2,3] for protecting against low energy impacts
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